Rather than passively reading text, readers must analyze it, internalize it and make it their own. An evaluation of two approaches for teaching reading. Strategies training in the teaching of reading comprehension. It may be helpful to see how other reading experts list or description comprehension strategies. The list represents strategies and activities that teachers report that they use or. This issue of nasets classroom management series, written by holly foarde, discusses the rationale for coteaching comprehension strategies in the general education classroom and explains to how to implement co. Display all 40 posters on your board as a teaching tool during reading lessons, display them individually as each concept is introduced, or create a flip book to use in reading centers or guided readi. Welcome to the overview on teaching reading comprehension strategies and selecting appropriate text. Teacher stops reading at a selected place in the text and asks. He, then, goes on to emphasize that what actually makes the difference is the reading strategies. Comprehension skills teaching resources, worksheets. In order to read with comprehension, developing readers must be able to read with some proficiency and then receive explicit instruction in reading comprehension strategies tierney. Teaching comprehension strategies page teaching comprehension strategies as articulated in the previous reading on p.
Clarifying is an umbrella term for a set of cognitive strategies that students can use to identify where they have comprehension difficulties and how they can get at the meaning of a word, phrase, sentence or passage. When good readers approach a text, they use a number of ways of thinking about text in order to understand what they are reading. And beyond that, there is evidence that teaching students vocabulary, in fact, increases their comprehension abilities. Resources to use in conjunction with the results of naplan to identify areas of development in reading, writing and language conventions. Students work their way towards the finish line by reading small passages from a variety of strategy or pop quiz cards and answering multiple choice comprehension questions. The teaching of reading needs to include a range of comprehension strategies. Weve included these below, so you can use the list that makes the most sense for you in your classroom. Fawsonb a emma eccles jones center for early childhood education, 6515 old main hill, logan, ut 843226515, usa b utah state university, logan, ut, usa abstract. This list of teaching strategies and activities was developed out of a focused brainstorming process conducted with general education, special education and english as a second language teachers in minnesota during the 20012002 school year. High reliability literacy teaching procedures munro comprehension term in the vcaa english glossary. Promoting literacy development reflecting on the nature of childrens learning of words confirms the strong relationship between vocabulary and comprehension and calls attention to the prominent place that vocabulary instruction should hold in the literacy program.
Comprehension strategies need to be explicitly taught. Essential reading strategies for the struggling reader. Study group participants might work together to add to these definitions. Thinkalouds can be used during readalouds and shared reading. This multimedia overview highlights key components of the recommendation to teach students how to use reading comprehension strategies and to select. Explore each of the strategies defined on pages 2125 in strategies that work in greater depth. By thinking aloud, teachers show students what good readers do. Teaching comprehension strategies is designed to methodically and creatively teach students the skills and strategies needed for effective comprehension. Modeling through thinkalouds is the best way to teach all comprehension strategies. The teaching comprehension strategies series methodically and creatively teaches pupils the strategies and skills needed for effective comprehension and prepares them for the next stage of comprehension development. Comprehension strategies are conscious or intentional plans that people use in order to achieve a. Teaching the process of reading comprehension 3 the other common method for teaching reading comprehension is the reading group. Adapted from the work of beal, keene, and tovani make connections what connections do i make as i read. For example, in an article discussing strategies for teaching reading comprehension in social studies, massey and heafner 2004 proposed that by limiting the number of strategies and techniques taught, teachers gain increasing competence and.
For king, the single most important factor in reading is the strategies learners utilize. Pdf the role of teaching reading strategies in enhancing. Clearly, the preponderance of such evidence led the nrp to emphasize vocabulary instruction as an essential element of the literacy program. The effectiveness of teaching reading comprehension strategies has been the subject of over 500 studies in the last 25 years. This list of teaching strategies and activities was developed. I use an overhead of a short passage found in an old science textbook that is no longer in use. The longterm goal of teaching reading comprehension strategies is a rise in scores for st ar, and standardized testing. This list of teaching strategies and activities was. These professional learning materials were originally developed as part of the focus on reading 36 program. A comprehensive collection of reading and comprehension strategies resources.
Effective teaching strategies for improving reading comprehension. The ability to understand and use the information in these texts is key to a students success in learning. Strategy for reading comprehension learning sciences. The strategies are pedagogically and linguistically appropriate for english language learners ells. There are two main components of reading decoding and comprehension. Teachers that facilitate teaching and learning reading in english lessons tutyrahiza mahmud b. Effective teaching strategies for reading comprehension 2 comprehension instruction and the common core state standards the common core state standards ccss 2010 takes a broadbased approach to literacy, by. Decoding is where we work out what the words say, and comprehension is where we work out what they mean. Seven strategies to teach students text comprehension reading. The role of teaching reading strategies in enhancing reading comprehension article pdf available january 2014 with,004 reads how we measure reads. Coteaching comprehension strategies in the general. When good readers approach a text, they use a number of ways of thinking about text in order to.
Seven strategies to teach students text comprehension. Teaching comprehension strategies a metacognitive approach. The teacher usually helps out when the student has difficulties, and sometimes comments or. Reading comprehension strategies theories, interventions, an. Teach reading comprehension strategies with these lesson plans, posters, graphic organizers, and materials for your kindergarten or first grade students. Fluency, phonological awareness, instructional reading with comprehension, and word analysis and spelling. Depending on the researcher or author, there are a range of strategies recommended to assist comprehension for example see. Teaching reading comprehension 5s3 this teachers guide to teaching reading comprehension strategies is the result of the collaboration of. The first student to reach the finish is the winner. Esol teaching strategies1, 2 the taxonomy presented below offers teachers an organized set of esol english for speakers of other languages teaching strategies. The process of comprehension is both interactive and strategic. Contains literacy and numeracy teaching resources mapped to new south wales stage based skills. Baier a research paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the t master. Reciprocal teaching, reap, and mixed methods find, read and cite all the research you need on.
Comprehension strategy instruction helps students become purposeful, active readers who are in control of their own. Comprehension strategies can be defined as the mental processes that good readers use. The teacher usually helps out when the student has difficulties, and sometimes comments or asks a question about the text. English language learners for english language learners, as with other students, practice in. Teaching reading comprehension strategies and selecting appropriate text. Vocabulary development and background knowledge it is well established that good comprehenders generally have good vocabularies. Consider a common language for reading comprehension instruction across ages and grade.
The diagram below illustrates the 3 levels of comprehension, ranging from the lower order. Support student learning with this colorful reading comprehension strategies and skills poster set. Reading for meaning pbs launching young readers series comprehension. The city of edinburgh council east lothian council west lothian council midlothian council scottish borders council dumfries and galloway council with special thanks to. Isnt it important to teach children comprehension strategies to help them get everything out of what they read. In a reading group, children take turns reading aloud. Strategies for reading comprehension read naturally, inc. Bridging the gap ndileleni paulinah mudzielwana department of early childhood education, university of venda, private bag x5050, thohoyandou, 0950, south africa abstracti present researchbased strategies for teaching reading comprehension. These comprehension strategies need to be taught early on so that. The fives strategy for reading comprehension mary shea and nancyjill roberts.
Reading comprehension and reading strategies rebecca j. Crosscurricular approaches, grades 712 r introduction to reading strategies 7 as students progress through school, they are asked to read increasingly complex informational and graphical texts in their courses. Teaching reading comprehension strategies and selecting. Teaching reading comprehension strategies and selecting u. Coteaching comprehension strategies in the general education. Comprehension strategies can be defined as the mental processes that good readers use to understand text. Good readers notice pieces of text that relate to or remind them of. For example, in an article discussing strategies for teaching reading comprehension in social studies, massey and heafner 2004 proposed that by limiting the number of strategies and techniques taught, teachers gain increasing competence and independence while using these strategies. Guiding comprehension teaching for meaning comprehension is a process in which readers construct meaning by interacting with text through the combination of prior knowledge and previous experience, information in the text and the stance the reader takes in relationship to the text. Pdf teaching reading comprehension strategies to students. The city of edinburgh council east lothian council west lothian council midlothian council scottish borders council. Use the display resources within this collection to visually represent the different reading and comprehension strategies to your students. Teaching reading comprehension strategies to students with learning disabilities.
Review the six reading comprehension strategies by using all during a modeled thinkaloud reading. There are also a large number of handson activities including before, during and after reading dice and wheel prompts, comprehension strategies board game, sequencing activities. Strategies for teaching reading decoda literacy solutions. Clarifying belongs to a set of reading strategies called collaborative teaching, but it can also stand on its own. Consider a common language for reading comprehension instruction across ages and grade levels. Comprehension strong readers think actively as they read. Meanwhile, support strategies are tools the readers take to aid comprehension, such. Super six comprehension strategies description what is the authors intended purpose when writing this text. They use their experiences and knowledge of the world, vocabulary, language structure, and reading strategies to make sense of the text and know how to get the most out of it.
Choose to focus on just one or two specific comprehension strategies by only using the relevant strategy cards. There are many ways to teach reading comprehension strategies. These strategies have been defined as understanding words, finding information, identifying the main idea, sequencing, comparing, predicting, concluding, summarising, inferring, cause and effect, fact or opinion and point of view. This teachers guide to teaching reading comprehension strategies is the. A fun classroom comprehension strategies board game. Teachers guide to reading comprehension strategies p5s3. Ed tesl, university malaysia sarawak this study was to investigate the teaching reading strategies used by the english as second language esl teachers in. The game is downloaded as a pdf document that includes 1 board game, 88 comprehension strategy cards, 12 pop quiz cards and an instruction sheet. Pdf reading comprehension strategies 1 instructional. Strategies that work 423 as teachers of literacy, we must have as an instructional goal.
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